VEDIC MATHEMATICS FOR BEGINNERS

Lesson 2
 

Complements of Three Digit Numbers
 

You have observed above that the nearest base of ten to a single digit number is 10 and
the nearest base of ten which is more than any two digit number is 100.

Similarly, the nearest base of ten which is more than any three digit number is 1000.
To find the complement of a three digit number, we apply Nikhilam, that is

All from nine and the last from ten

For example, for the number 268, the nearest base ten that is more than 268 is 1000.

The last digit in 268 is 8.
Other digit are 2 and 6.
When we subtract “all from nine and the last from ten”,we get
2 from 9, that is 9 – 2 = 7
6 from 9, that is 9 – 6 = 3 ( other than the last from nine)
8 from 10, that is 10 – 8 = 2 ( last from ten)


Thus, 1000 – 268 = 732 can be obtained mentally by using Nikhilam that is
“all from nine and the last from ten”.



Examples:
g) Complement of 523 :
Think mentally -
The last digit is 3.
Other digits are 5 and 2.

5 from 9 (9 – 5) = 4
2 from 9 (9 – 2) = 7
3 from 10 (10 – 2) = 8

Therefore, complement of 523 is 478. Answer

h) Complement of 345 : 3 from 9 = 6
4 from 9 = 5
5 from 10 = 5

Complement of 345 is 655 Answer

i) Complement of 708 :

  7          0           8
               

9 – 8    9 – 0   10 – 8
               

   1         9           2 Answer

j) Complement of 4   9    0

                         
                          5   1    0 Answer


k) Complement of 700 = 300
l) Complement of 100 = 900.
 

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